Title:

What is Subnetting?

Word Count:

378

Summary:

Subnetting is, at it’s essence, the process of allocating bits from a host portion of a network as a network portion of that same network.

Keywords:

subnetting

Article Body:

Subnetting is, at it’s essence, the process of allocating bits from a host portion of a network as a network portion of that same network. This is done with networks that are using the Internet Protocol, or IP address system to create a subnetwork (also known as a subnet) of logical addresses within a particularly limited address space that is assigned to a business, organization or other large group.

With every IP address, there is a subnet mask associated with it. The subnet mask is designed to determine which and how many IP addresses are on any given local network. The router or firewall is known as a default gateway, as it is the device that is contacted every time a computer wants to access another computer that is not located within the same local network.

The subnet mask that most people are familiar with is 255.255.255.0. This is the default mask for most systems. As is the case with all IP addresses, the last digit can range from 1 to 254--and that’s it. If there are more than 254 computers or other network devices that require IP addresses on a network, the subnet mask will run out of space.

How is subnetting used to extend the number of devices on a local network?

There are two different options for a systems administrator when a local network runs out of space in it‚ؤôs subnet mask. One option is to change the subnet mask to allow for more devices. The other option is to add a router to extend the IP address range and essentially start over with a fresh subnet mask. Faster networks that have a lot of data transferring around should add a switch or router while smaller networks that will not exceed 300 devices should extend the subnet mask.

While keeping with the same IP addresses, all hosts should have their subnet masks changed to 255.255.252.0. With this simple change via subnetting, the network will now be able to grow much larger and have a range of IP addresses from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.3.254. With subnetting in this example, it is extremely important that all hosts are changed to the new subnet mask. If they are not, the network will experience communication issues and various other performance problems with the network.

Title:

HTC VX6800

Word Count:

473

Summary:

The HTC XV6800, also known as the HTC Mogul is a smartphone designed with the corporate market in mind.

Keywords:

Verizon HTC VX-6800, HTC VX-6800, Verizon VX-6800

Article Body:

The HTC XV6800, also known as the HTC Mogul is a smartphone designed with the corporate market in mind. It is available from a variety of carriers, including Verizon, Qwest, Sprint, U.S. Cellular, and Alltel. The phone’s design is very similar to a number of other HTC devices, in that it features a large touch screen with only a few actual tactile buttons for navigation. The smartphone capabilities of the HTC XV6800 are accessed via the Windows Mobile 6 Operating System.

What network does the HTC XV6800 use?

The HTC XV6800 is a dual band CDMA phone. Because of the CDMA network, it can only be used in the United States and a few other places in the world, unlike GSM phones which can be used almost anywhere on the planet. However, despite the lack of roaming capabilities, the HTC XV6800 does allow for high speed 3G data access speeds over the EV-DO rev. 0, rev. 1, and rev. A high speed data networks.

How large is the HTC XV6800?

The HTC XV6800 measures in at approximately four and half inches (4.3) by two and a half inches (2.3) by one inch (0.7). It also weighs 165 grams, making it a large and relatively heavy device.

What kind of battery life does the HTC XV6800 allow for?

On a full charge with a brand new battery, expect to get approximately three and a third hours of talk time. Alternatively, the HTC XV6800 also allows for 228 hours of standby time on a full charge. Over time, however, expect these numbers to decrease.

What media functions are included with the HTC XV6800?

The HTC XV6800 comes stock with a very large 240 by 320 pixel display that is capable of displaying 65k colors. It is 2.8 inches in size and fully touch capable with the use of a stylus. There is also an included built in digital camera that allows for 2 megapixels of resolution and can also record video. The camera has a built in flash and 8x digital zoom.

A variety of audio and video formats are supported by the HTC XV6800, including MP3 and WMA. Songs and videos can be loaded directly into the phone’s built in memory or be accessed via a MicroSD card.

What other features are included in the HTC XV6800?

The HTC XV6800 is a fully loaded smartphone with a lot of forward thinking features. There is a full QWERTY keyboard for text messages and emails. The HTC XV6800 is also loaded with data access options, including built in WiFi support and Bluetooth 2.0 support. Other features include: a large phone book, an alarm, calendar, voice dialing, speakerphone, calculator, notes, a large variety of email support, and GPS support. With all of the included connectivity features, it is easy to see that the HTC XV6800 is basically a low powered computer in a phone’s form factor.

Title:

How to Unlock a Blackberry

Word Count:

801

Summary:

Anyone who needs to unlock blackberry devices may feel a little frustrated trying to get the right information to do so. It may seem like this information is kept away from consumers and locked down like Fort Knox.

Keywords:

blackberry, unlock blackberry, unlock cellphones

Article Body:

It's Worth it to Unlock Your Blackberry

Anyone who needs to unlock blackberry devices may feel a little frustrated trying to get the right information to do so. It may seem like this information is kept away from consumers and locked down like Fort Knox. Your confusion and frustration is warranted and understandable. However, it is worth it to go through the appropriate channels to gain this information. Consumers who unlock their Blackberry phones

are able to utilize any network around the world. This saves on astronomical international charges while traveling abroad. There are no roaming charges while traveling in other countries when a Blackberry has been unlocked. Also, the resale value of one's phone is increased by fifty percent.

How Do I Unlock Blackberry Devices and what is the Cost?

There are many websites that offer to unlock blackberry devices for consumers. The typical fee is close to $65.00. There are a precious few sites that offer their service for about $25.00, but this is quite rare. Most will perform the service remotely. All you have to do is have a USB cable available to plug into the device. Then, they can take care of the process for you with no hassle to you. In addition, some will give you the code for the unlock and you can do it yourself. Many of the sites that offer the service do so risk-free. Cost free customer support is available from most of the websites.

Other Options to Receive Unlock Codes

Sometimes EBay sellers will put up unlock codes for options. This may save you some cash in the long run. Every Blackberry that is sold has its own unlock code that is specific for the phone. The codes sometimes take between four and ten days to receive. In order to be able to successfully unlock blackberry devices one must have the IMEI number. The IMEI number can be obtained by typing in *#06# from the keyboard. A string of fifteen numbers will appear, which is the IMEI number. The IMEI number can also be obtained from the Status menu.

You're in Luck

There are a few Blackberrys where the Unlock codes are readily available for consumers on the Internet.

Here's a few that will hopefully let you unlock blackberry devices you currenly own:

Blackberry 8800 / 8300 Curve Unlock Code Directions

How to Enter Unlock Codes for the BlackBerry 8800/8300 Curve Blackberry:

1. Access the Settings Menu => and then Options

2. Select Advanced Options => and then Sim Card

3. Type MEPD using your Blackberry Keyboard (NOTE: You won't be able to see any text appear on the screen while typing MEPD)

4. Type MEP then [ALT BUTTON] then number 2 on your Blackberry keyboard (NOTE: No text will appear on the screen while typing MEPD)

5. A prompt "Enter Network MEP Code" will then appear on the screen. Press in the unlock code and press into the track wheel / jog dial to confirm

6. The Blackberry is now unlocked.

Blackberry 8100 Unlock Code Directions:

1. Place the SIM into the Blackberry 8100.

2. Power phone on and turn off the radio (Turn Wireless option to off) This is crucial.

3. Next, pick "Options" and SELECT ADVANCED OPTIONS.

4. Arrow down and select "SIM Card."

5. Type "MEPPD" (what you type will not appear on the screen).

6. Type "MEPP, next [ALT BUTTON],and then 2" (what you type will not appear on the screen).

7. Punch in the Unlock Code

8. Press enter

9. Reboot your Blackberry. Your Blackberry is now unlocked.

Blackberry 8700 Unlock Code Directions:

1. Access Settings.

2. Select Options.

3. Then access Advanced Option.

4. Then, select SIM card.

5. Type MEPD (this will not be case sensitive, and no text will appear on the screen).

6. When the device says Network Active it's ready.

7. Hold down the ALT Key while typing in MEPE into the device (this is not case sensitive, and no text will appear on the screen).

8. The screen will say "Enter Network MEP Code, type in the unlock code, and press in the jog dial to confirm.

9. Your Blackberry is now unlocked.

BlackBerry 6xxx 7xxx: ie 6230, 7100, 7290 etc. Unlock Code Instructions

1. Access the Options menu on the Blackberry.

2. Click on the SIM CARD menu. To be able to see this you have to type this on the keypad on phone : (The text won't appear on the screen until you press in the unlock code).

3. Type 'MEPD' for all models, except 7100 and instead use 'MEPPD'.

4. Normally, you will see "active" NET lock appear on the screen. To disengage this lock, type 'MEP2' respectively ('MEPP2' if phone is 7100).

5. The Blackberry will request a code. NOTE: You must use the "alt" or "shift" key to enable numbers so example would be: m-e-p-"alt key"-2 A place to enter an unlock code will appear (if not, you didn't type in mep2 or mepp2 properly.)

6. Enter the "NET Unlock Code" that you have.

7. At this point you have done unlock blackberry successfully.

Title:

Life getting Easier with a Plantronics Headset

Word Count:

402

Summary:

The phone is ringing, you are driving the beltway stuck in traffic and the phone is in your back seat. You are frustrated because you can’t get to your phone without causing an accident, but it would be a perfect time to take a call to kill the time you are stuck in traffic.

Keywords:

wireless headsets, mobile headsets, gaming headsets, telephone accessories, blue tooth, headsets,

Article Body:

The phone is ringing, you are driving the beltway stuck in traffic and the phone is in your back seat. You are frustrated because you can’t get to your phone without causing an accident, but it would be a perfect time to take a call to kill the time you are stuck in traffic. What can remedy this scenario? The answer is simple, a plantronics headset.

A plantronic headset is a completely wireless and hands free solution to those physically awkward moments in life when you are looking to effectively multi-task. Every year new technology comes out that brings us ease and convenience in our personal and professional life. Twenty years ago who would have thought that our mobile phones would be so indispensable? With the convenience of the mobile age comes a product that brings its customers even more ease. The plantronic wireless headset is catapulting us into the future.

With the plantronic headset it is possible to talk to your husband while taking a jog with the baby in the stroller or participate on a conference call while on the train or in the car on your way to the office. The plantronic headset allows people the comfort of working at their computer completely hands free while communicating with coworkers or participating in a conference call. Plantronic headset technology allows you to be completely hands free and have every function of your mobile phone. Your neck and back will not be sore, because plantronic headset allows you to be ergonomically correct.

Whether you are using a plantronic headset for your home office, home, phone, mobile phone, or large office your life will get easier. You can find headsets specifically designed for your cordless home phone or use a plantronic headset that allows you to check your email with the touch of a button for those long tiring commutes to and from the office.

There are so many functions and possibilities with this technology. Price ranges for varying headsets go from $24.95 to $395.00. With the varying price ranges, plantronics headsets bring you a variety of function technologies. The bottom line is that plantronics has a solution for you to make your life easier whether you are a top level executive or a stay at home mom. No matter your current position in life, no doubt you would benefit from a technology designed to make your life easier and bring you convenience.

Title:

How To Find The Owner Of A Phone Number

Word Count:

451

Summary:

A Guide to trace phone numbers, find the owner of a number and or stop prank calling

Keywords:

owner of phone number, phone number search

Article Body:

Finding out who's calling or has just called is a very handy and helpful thing, either from a safety point of view or curiosity. As long as you have the area code and the seven digit number, you should be able to locate any number’s owner, if you know where to look.

There are many reasons people turn to finding who owns a cell or land line phone number, take for example, a hypothetical situation of prank callers harassing you. Or a stalker that just wont leave you alone.

Searching For That Number

Your first stop should be a free reverse phone number directory. Plenty of them are available on the Internet. You’ll enter the entire number including the area code and hit “Search.” If the number is a published land line, you should get the information you want, including the name of the owner and the entire address of the owner.

If you’re lucky enough to get results, then your search can stop there. In most cases, you’ll need to try a slightly different approach.

Usually, the reason you’ll run into problems is that the number belongs to a cell phone. Because there is no central database of cell phone numbers, free reverse phone directories cannot return information on those numbers. You also won’t be able to get information on land line numbers that are unlisted or non-published.

Don’t bother trying multiple reverse phone directories in order to find the owner of a phone number, either. Most use the same databases, so if you don’t score results at one then you won’t fare any better at another site.

Find a Phone Number Owner – With Reverse Phone Detective

Instead, you may have to use a paid site. For a reasonable fee, you can access all of the information you need about the owner of a phone number using Reverse Phone Detective. There database gives you accurate, up-to-date information using both land line and cell phone searches.

The exclusive database includes broad coverage of the entire United States – with better results than you’ll find at most other sites. They also give you free search assistance, access to expanded people search databases, and more.

In addition, they also give you a 100%, ironclad guarantee – if you don’t get results, you don’t pay.

To use Reverse Phone Detectives’ reverse lookup service, you will pay a fee which gives you an unlimited number of searches inside the members’ area, plus a premium full phone report. After you sign up, just enter the phone number you want to find, click “Search,” and you’ll have your information. It’s that easy!

Title:

What is a torrent file and how does it work?

Word Count:

919

Summary:

A torrent file is the file that is transferred among users using the torrent technology. The file extension used by torrent files is .torrent. Torrent files, when added into a torrent application, can be distributed among numerous amounts of people without the need of any major hardware costs and server fees on a particular individual.

Keywords:

torrent file, download, share

Article Body:

A torrent file is the file that is transferred among users using the torrent technology. The file extension used by torrent files is .torrent. Torrent files, when added into a torrent application, can be distributed among numerous amounts of people without the need of any major hardware costs and server fees on a particular individual. This is because each user supplies bits of the full torrent file to users without those particular bits, while receiving bits that they do not yet have. Therefore, torrent files can also be shared relatively quickly.

History

Torrent technology was first planned and developed by Bram Cohen in April 2001. After months of development, it first went public in 2 July, 2001. Today, Cohen’s technology is widely used. Although there are no specific measurements, it is considered as one of the most significantly used protocols in the Internet today.

Behind the Technology

The torrent technology is operated by a torrent client sending bits of the torrent file through a torrent protocol. A torrent client would be for example a personal computer while the torrent file can be of any file in the .torrent format.

For the sharing to begin, first a user must create a .torrent file (eg. File.torrent). A torrent file contains information, such as the tracker, the main computer distributing the file first, and the metadata, information about the files in the torrent file. People wishing to obtain the information must first download the torrent file (in this case, File.torrent), run it with their torrent application, and then connect with the tracker, which will give orders on where to download what bits of the torrent file.

Torrent Files vs. HTTP Files

Although torrent files and its sharing are technically a transfer of files over the network, it has its strengths compared to the old-school HTTP downloading style. Firstly, when downloading files, web browsers will make one HTTP GET request through one TCP socket. However, torrent files make numerous amounts of small data requests over many TCP sockets. Also, HTTP will download in an order—what is first will be downloaded first; however torrents download in a random way—whatever is of high availability will be downloaded first.

This is exactly why the torrent files have its strengths; it doesn’t need much financial back, it has a higher redundancy, and a better resistance to potential abuse from flash crowds than what would be a frequent thing with HTTPs. However, as with everything, there is a downside. It takes a bit of time for downloads to be running in full throttle, as connecting to other peers can tae time. Also, becoming an effective uploader also takes time. Not to forget, while torrent file downloading will reach immensely high speeds, the speed will eventually fall near the end of the download as availability of the bits of the torrent file decrease.

Sharing Torrents and Files

First a user browses through the Internet looking for torrent files. Once a torrent file is obtained, the user will connect it through a torrent application and connect with the tracker. Then, the user will begin to download off of seeders and a group of peers known as the “swarm.” If there is one seeder, the user will directly connect to that seeder and begin to download, but eventually start to exchange files with other peers too, which lessens the burden on the seeder.

Applications of Torrent Files

Surprisingly, torrent files are widely used today by many individuals and some corporations.

 Some bands like “Ween” uses torrent files to distribute their free albums

 .torrent files are increasingly used by Podcasters to meet the high demands of these radio MP3s

 The game America’s Army uses torrent files to release their updates and patches for the games

 An immense number of open source and free softwares utilize torrent files to increase availability and awareness of the projects

Torrent Files’ Limitations

Although torrent files seem to be another great way to download and share files, it has some limitations such as security issues.

 IP Address Exposed: The use of torrent files can lead to anonymity issues, as all IP addresses of current and potentially previous swarm users can be found and abused

 Internet Speeds: It is best to use broadband when sharing torrent files, so dial-up users cannot take full advantage of the torrent technology

 Leeching Problem: While sharing torrent files is good, it doesn’t have many incentives behind it. Thus, there is no real reason to continue to seed after the download has finished. To fix this issue, some torrent sites have begun to limit the download speeds of users who do not upload often.

Free Torrent Applications to Download Torrent Files

In today’s market there are both quality free open source and paid products to download torrent files.

 BitTorrent: BitTorrent is the first and official torrent client made by Bram Cohen himself. It is supported in major operating systems such as Microsoft Windows, Apple, and Linux.

 Azuerus (Vuze): This is also a widely used torrent client first released in SourceForge in June 2003. Released under the GNU General Public License, Azuerus is a constantly developed, free client.

 µTorrent (uTorrent): uTorrent, also known as microTorrent, is a torrent client written in C++. Because of its small size but a powerful interface, it is another widely used free torrent client. It was first released on December 7, 2006 between BitTorrent, Inc. and Ludvig Strigeus, but was later fully acquired by BitTorrent, Inc. because of the application’s popularity, size, and power.

Title:

ATSC

Word Count:

376

Summary:

ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) is a group formed in 1982 that developed the ATSC Standards for digital televisions in the United States and in many other countries such as Canada, South Korea, Mexico, and Honduras. The abbreviations are also known to refer to the ATSC Standards itself.

Keywords:

atsc, ntsc, signal, channels, Americas, Asia/Pacific

Article Body:

ATSC (Advanced Television Systems Committee) is a group formed in 1982 that developed the ATSC Standards for digital televisions in the United States and in many other countries such as Canada, South Korea, Mexico, and Honduras. The abbreviations are also known to refer to the ATSC Standards itself.

ATSC Standards is a digital television format which will in the long term replace the current NTSC television system, as is the case in United States by February 17, 2009 and in Canada by August 31, 2011. These new high definition standards produce a display resolution better than approximately six times its predecessor — it shows off a lucrative 16:9 wide screen images up to 1920x1080 pixels in size. Not to forget, other different image sizes are still supported so that a maximum of six standard definition channels can still be broadcasted.

Sound wise, the ATSC is capable of a “theater quality” audio as it adopts the Dolby Digital AC-3 format, which also produces the 5.1 channel surround sound.

When broadcasting with the ATSC and an analog signal, two separate channels are required as the ATSC requires an entire channel for itself. As virtual channels can be remapped to any other number from 1 to 99, ATSC stations will often associate with one of the NTSC channels or all stations will use the same number.

Also, like many other systems, the ATSC is an interwoven standard, and is also heavily patented as it includes elements from MPEG, AC-3 audio coding, and the 8VSB modulation.

Comparison with Other Standards

Nowadays, the ATSC system, despite previously being criticized as being too complicated for the ordinary and over-priced to be a household system, is relatively simplified and is moderately priced compared to the current world’s most used system, the DVB.

Also, the ATSC signal, ironically, is more capable of adopting the changes in radio propagation conditions compared to the likes of DVB-T and ISDB-T. Were the ATSC capable of changing its parts such as its error correction modes, code rates, the randomizer, and the interleaver mode, it could become even more robust. Regardless of such fixed settings, it still is sturdy under various conditions.

Territories Using ATSC

Americas

Argentina

Bahamas

Bermuda

Canada

Colombia

Chile

Guatemala

Honduras

Mexico

Peru

United States

Asia/Pacific

American Samoa

Guam

Northern Mariana Islands